The present study focuses on evaluating the effect daily oral administration of adult female rabbits of two different contraceptive pills; including combined pills (estrogen and progesterone) and mini-pills (progesterone only). After three months of administration the animals were decapitated and dissected for excision of the ovary for histological, immunohistochemical, image analysis, and statistical studies. The results revealed that contraceptive pills administration, specially the combined one caused intensive histopathological and immunohistochemical effects; darkly stained thickened tunica albuginea with atretic primordial follicles and non growing follicles were observed. Vacuolated interstitial cells with peripheral nucleus and intensive increase in both collagenous content and alpha smooth muscle actin content (using anti αSMA antibody) were found. Moderate changes were observed after mini pill treatment on the nests of primordial follicles and follicular development.
Key words: Combined contraceptive pills, mini-pills, ovary, αSMA
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