Background: Spontaneous occurrence of Tumor Lysis Syndrome(TLS) is very rare.Only 3 pediatric case reports were reported in literature . All 3 patients presented with therapy-sensitive disease. Unfortunately, only one patient survived. It is preventable in 100% of patients, but TLS is a hard nut to crack. We present three distinct cases of spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome within the pediatric population, each associated with different types of tumors.
Case discussion:Patients data including clinical information and biochemical parameters were taken from Hospital Information System. A 3-year-old boy with Mediastinal Germ cell tumor of stage III, had hyperuricemia and hyperphosphatemia on presentation, tumor lysis syndrome improved but later died with Sepsis, another patient of 4-year-old girl with Precursor B cell Acute Lymphoblastic Lymphoma had hyperkalemia, hyperuricemia and hyperphosphatemia on presentation and third patient was 6-year-old boy with Abdominal Burkitt Lymphoma stage III presented with hyperkalemia, hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia and Acute Kidney Injury before initiation of chemotherapy. Later both these patients improved and survived
Conclusion: Spontaneous Tumor lysis syndrome is probable lethal, so it is of utmost importance to diagnose it timely. Swift and effective responses to Spontaneous TLS can significantly reduce the risk of mortality linked to this critical emergency condition.
Key words: Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome, Pediatric Oncology, TLS, Rasburicase
|
