Abstract

Background: In underdeveloped nations, endometrial cancer (EC) ranks second in frequency among gynecological cancers. Extended periods of exposure to high levels of estrogen, whether from external or internal sources, are the primary cause of EC. An increased risk of EC is linked to obesity.

Aims and Objectives: Our objective is to investigate the relationship between obesity and EC that has been histopathologically verified.

Materials and Methods: This study uses a case–control design. Seventy patients who had post-hysterectomy confirming histological reports of EC were considered cases. Of 70 age-matched patients ranging from 30 to 80 years with non-malignant histopathology reports from endometrial sampling were the controls.

Results: Out of 70 cases, 21.4% were overweight and 55.7% were obese. The mean body mass index was 25.9 kg/m2 among the cases and 23.9 kg/m2 among the controls. With an odds ratio of 2.1 (95% confidence intervals-1.1–4.2), the findings indicated a statistically significant correlation between obesity and EC.

Conclusion: Obesity and EC were found to be significantly associated. EC has also been linked to diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Key words: Index of Body Mass; Estrogen; Endometrial Cancer; Obesity