Background: Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract in developed countries and the 4th most common cancer in women after breast, lung, and colorectum. It has an estimated lifetime risk of 2.6% for women living in developed nations, and a median age at diagnosis of 61 years. The majority of women with endometrial carcinoma are diagnosed at an early stage and may be cured by surgery with or without radiotherapy. When detected early it has an average survival rate of 95%. There are various prognostic factors epidemiological, tumor characteristics, and the treatment undertaken that have a significant influence on the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of the disease. Here an attempt was made to analyze the prognostic factors and to determine the DFS among women diagnosed to have endometrial cancer.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors determining the prognosis and survival of women with endometrial cancer.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 82 cases diagnosed as endometrial carcinoma registered in the Department of Obstetrics and gynecology department in a government hospital. They were subsequently followed up over a period of 42 months.
Results: The recurrence-free survival rate was found to be 90.2%. The estimated mean survival time using the inverse Kaplan–Meir method was 37.5 months (95% CI 34.6–41.34) for recurrence-free survival and 38.24 months (95% CI 34.77–41.72) for OS. Endometroid adenocarcinoma was the most common histological variant (79.3%). Diagnosis at an early stage (FIGO Stage 1 and 2) was more (74.3%) as compared to advanced stages. The calculated recurrence rate was 9.5% with a tumor-related mortality of 32.9%. The most common site of recurrence was the vault (62.5%). The statistically significant variables affecting the recurrence rates were the histological type of tumor and the grade. Prognostic variables with statistically significant influence on recurrence-free survival and OS were age, stage of the tumor, grade of the tumor, type of surgical procedure underwent by the patient, and the use of adjuvant therapy.
Conclusion: The present study was able to demonstrate that endometrial adenocarcinoma diagnosed at an early stage has a very good prognosis and survival rates in Kerala. FIGO stage and grade of the tumor being the most important variables determining DFS and OS.
Key words: Endometrial Carcinoma; FIGO Stage; Tumor Grade; Recurrence-Free Survival; Recurrence Rate
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