Migration for economic purposes has emerged as a prominent occurrence in India, characterized by a significant influx of individuals and families who relocate in pursuit of improved prospects for their livelihoods. This research research examines the complex phenomenon of economic migration, with a specific focus on the sugar business in Maharashtra, which stands as one of the foremost employers of migrant workers within the nation. The primary aim of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis of the experiences and difficulties encountered by migrant laborers in the sugar sector in Maharashtra, in comparison to those in other states of India. The first segment provides an overview of the importance of economic migration as a means of addressing socio-economic inequalities in India. This text provides an overview of the sugar business in Maharashtra, emphasizing its significance and dependence on migrant labor. This part establishes the fundamental basis for conducting a comparative analysis, placing significant emphasis on the imperative of comprehending the factors, circumstances, and consequences that influence migratory patterns among employees in the sugar business. This section examines the primary socio-economic determinants that motivate individuals and families to engage in migration towards Maharashtra's sugar industry. The text examines several socio-economic concerns, including poverty, unemployment, landlessness, and agrarian distress, that compel individuals to pursue possibilities beyond their native states. The use of pertinent facts, case studies, and expert comments serves to enhance the comprehensiveness of the analysis about these drivers. This portion of the research paper provides a comprehensive comparative examination of the experiences of migrant workers in the sugar sector of Maharashtra and their counterparts in similar industries across several states in India. This research investigates many elements such as labor circumstances, remuneration, housing, healthcare, and societal inclusion. Utilizing primary and secondary sources, this research elucidates the regional discrepancies and internal inequities within the sugar sector. This section examines the vulnerabilities that arise from the mobility of migrant laborers, with a particular focus on the obstacles they encounter. The text examines several concerns including exploitation, discrimination, limited healthcare and education access, and the lack of social security. This research investigates the aforementioned difficulties by analyzing the sugar sector and its unique dynamics. The concluding segment of the research paper examines socio-legal interventions and policy proposals that are designed to enhance the well-being and labor conditions of migrant workers within the sugar business. The analysis takes into account the current legal frameworks, such as the Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, and assesses their efficacy. Furthermore, this part provides recommendations for policy reforms, welfare initiatives, and inter-state collaborations aimed at safeguarding the rights and preserving the dignity of migrant employees. The concluding section of the research report provides a summary of the findings, highlighting the intricate relationship between socio-economic factors and the phenomenon of economic migration to Maharashtra's sugar sector. The statement highlights the necessity of implementing comprehensive policies and enacting legal reforms in order to effectively tackle the various difficulties encountered by migrant workers. This research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of migrant labor in the sugar sector, thereby enhancing the existing discourse on migration and labor rights in India. The findings of this research will be valuable for policymakers, academics, and stakeholders involved in this domain.
Key words: Economic Migration, Migrant Labor, Sugar Industry, Maharashtra, Comparative Research.
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