Abstract

One of the most important tasks of sustainable energy is to store and keep natural resources while also developing practical solutions to environmental problems. The performance of renewable energy systems is significantly impacted by their control system. In order to model and control the system more efficiently, the fractional order PID (FOPID) controller - as a generalized version of the classical controller - employs fractional derivative-integral calculus. The design of an optimal FOPID controller for the grid-connected hybrid solid oxide fuel cell-wind turbine system is the primary objective of this research in addition to assessment of its dynamic stability. The proposed controller parameters are optimally scheduled using the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA), with the objective function that minimizes the absolute value of the error. The simulation results of the studied system subjected to various configurations and operating conditions are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, and a comparison of the FOPID controller with the PID controller has also been conducted. The simulation findings show that the effectiveness of the proposed SSA technique is based on criteria regarding the steady-state error, overshoot, as well as the settling ‎ time related to the power, speed, and delta deviations associated with the system under study.

Key words: Fractional-order PID; Wind turbine; Solid oxide fuel cell; Salp swarm algorithm; Hybrid renewable energy system.