Objective: Research has demonstrated that Leptospermum scoparium possesses various thera¬peutic benefits. This study set out to determine whether or not L. scoparium extracts had any effect on the ability of HepG2 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells to survive.
Materials and Methods: The antiproliferative activity of L. scoparium extracts was explored using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays. The most active fraction was selected to investigate its effects on apoptosis induction using flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The constituents of this fraction were characterized using GC-MS analysis.
Results: Research demonstrated that the chloroform fraction of L. scoparium (LSCF) significantly impacted the HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Treatment with LSCF led to a notable rise in both early and late apoptotic cells. Furthermore, there was an upregulation in the mRNA levels of P53, Bax, and caspases, while the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA saw a decrease. The analysis of LSCF revealed the primary components to be cis-calamenene, beta-eudesmol, cyclododecane, and alpha-muurolene.
Conclusion: The study showed the promising antiproliferative activity of L. scoparium, suggesting its potential application for cancer treatment.
Key words: Antiproliferative; apoptosis; Leptospermum scoparium; MTT; LDH; MCF-7; GC-MS
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