Background: Electrolyte and acid–base balance are crucially regulated by the kidneys. Derangements in electrolytes unavoidably arise with progressive kidney function loss and negatively impact patient outcomes. Medical professionals are increasingly faced with these issues as chronic kidney disease (CKD) has spread like an epidemic around the world. Diabetes and hypertension remain the important etiology of CKD and also facilitate the complications of the CKD like electrolyte impairment and the resulting condition has worsened the comorbid disease as a positive feedback manner.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims to assess the serum electrolyte variations and significance in pre-dialysis patients and dialysis patients of CKD.
Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study, which was conducted in the nephrology department of SRM Medical College and Hospital, involved 120 participants between the ages of 30 and 85. It included 60 CKD patients in the pre-dialysis stage and 60 CKD patients in the dialysis stage.
Results: To compare the taste threshold levels for the pre-dialysis and dialysis stages, an independent sample t-test was used. In the dialysis group compared to the pre-dialysis phases of CKD, there was a greater significance noted in the serum phosphate and serum calcium level (P < 0.001). Other electrolytes such as sodium, bicarbonate, chloride, and potassium do not have a significant difference with late stages of CKD.
Conclusion: The disturbance in electrolyte varies by patient’s medical management, food pattern, comorbid disease, and lifestyle. As for serum electrolyte evaluation, most of the patients have normal serum level of potassium, chloride, sodium, and calcium. Moreover, there is a highly serum changes in phosphate and bicarbonate. The significance of electrolyte variation is noted in pre-dialysis and dialysis found on serum phosphate and serum calcium. Meticulously monitoring and predicting electrolyte disturbance can delay the progression and decrease the complication of a CKD.
Key words: Chronic Kidney Disease; Serum Electrolyte; Dialysis; Pre-dialysis
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