Broomrape (Phelipanche and Orobanche) weeds are parasitic on a variety of dicotyledonous plant species, severely harming important cash crops all over the world. The process of broomrape infestation in mustard fields (oilseed crop) is poorly understood in Rajasthan. Over the past few years, the number of broomrape-contaminated mustard fields has increased in many regions of Rajasthan. Field surveys were conducted to investigate the occurrence of broomrape in mustard-growing areas of northeastern Rajasthan. Field studies were also carried out in the extensively broomrape-infested mustard fields in the Nawalgarh region of Jhunjhunu (Rajasthan, India) (27°51'0.00" N 75°16'12.00" E) to evaluate the life stages and severity of broomrape infestation. Phelipanche aegyptiaca Pers. (Egyptian broomrape) was found infesting the fields of Brassica campestris L. Field experiments were conducted to record all the underground and aerial life stages of P. aegyptiaca. Among all the visited plots, the Mukandgarh region exhibited the highest incidence and severity of P. aegyptiaca during the emerging, flowering, and fructification stages, whereas the Nawalri region displayed the lowest incidence and severity at each stage. Mustard yield and quality were severely affected by the Phelipanche infestation. With an average of 50% disease incidence in most of the plots, flowering and fructification stages of broomrape are the most difficult to control and cause 100% infestation to the crop. The interrelationship of P. aegyptiaca and B. campestris is not studied extensively, especially in Rajasthan. To date successful control of this weed is not achieved. The present investigation will help understand the histological interactions of P. aegyptiaca on B. campestris about days of sowing (DAS). These interactions will certainly help to design cultural and biological control strategies by determining the most effective timing of control concerning the timeline of germination and infestation of P. aegyptiaca.
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