Gut microbiota is essential for performing large number of important functions in the human body. Major functions include aiding the immune system against pathogenic bacteria, regulation of metabolism, digestion, intestinal permeability and metabolite synthesis among others. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiome could have been observed in various diseases. Among the metabolic disorders, obesity and diabetes negatively impact health and overall Quality of Life globally. Recent microbiome studies have indicated a potential causal role of gut microbiota in metabolic disorders. Changes in gut microbiome could reshape the intestinal barrier and hence modify metabolic and signaling pathways of the host. However, it remains unclear whether gut dysbiosis could be the leading cause of metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity. Studies conducted in humans have been inconclusive in establishing a relationship between particular taxonomic groups with metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity. This review is conducted to evaluate the contemporary evidence of the role of gut dysbiosis in diabetes and obesity.
Key words: Dysbiosis, Diabetes, Obesity, Microbiome, Probiotics
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