Abstract

The human gut microbiota plays an important role in human health and diseases. Antimicrobial drugs are ineffective against resistance gained microorganisms. This study mainly aims to find the presence of anti-microbial genes in Prevotella and Bifidobacterium and infer the changes in anti-microbial genes present in plasmids analysed through database analysis. Plasmid sequences of Prevotella and Bifidobacterium are collected from NCBI. These plasmids were run through Phylonium, to compute a phylogenetic tree. These plasmids were subjected to find the presence of AMR by Resfinder 2.1. Nine plasmids from Bifidobacterium and five from Prevotella that confer anti-microbial drug resistance were detected. The plasmids in which antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes were detected were verified with Kmer Resistance 2.2 and ResFinderFG 1 to identify the antibiotic resistance determinants. Based on the results, the potential multiple antibiotic resistance index was calculated for all of the plasmids tested. This ranged from 0.06 to 0.2 in Prevotella and 0.1 to 0.4 in Bifidobacterium. The most occurring AMR was against drug classes beta-lactamase in Prevotella and streptogramin b in Bifidobacterium. In conclusion, these studies have enlarged our understanding of the presence and distribution of AMR genes present in Prevotella and Bifidobacterium.

Key words: Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, MDR, Insilico, AMR, Gut microbiota