The processing byproduct, peanut skin is a hub of antioxidant compounds such as phenol and flavonoids and vital metal chelators including Cu2+ and Zn2+. Adverse exposures to heavy metals like Pb2+ could cause oxidative stress, inflammation and neurological and reproductive disorders. This research aimed to study the phytochemical profile and the rescue effects of peanut skin ethanol extract against lead acetate-induced oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster. Phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, Methyl palmitate, Ethyl palmitate, Methyl linoleate, Ethyl linoleate, Methyl oleate, Methyl stearates, 156.15mg/g total phenol and 124.83mg/g total flavonoids were detected by phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis. Peanut skin extract from 31.25µg/ml -500µg/ml exhibited a dose-dependent scavenging activity against DPPH and H2O2 radicals at nearly equal strength compared to the standard vitamin C. Lead acetate treated flies had reduced activities of AChE, SOD, and GPx with concomitant increase in NO and MDA concentrations. This was ameliorated by co-treatment with peanut skin extract or resveratrol through elevation of AChE and SOD, normalization of GPx activities, and a corresponding decrease in NO and MDA productions. GSH activity was not significantly affected by lead or the co-treatment with peanut skin extract or resveratrol. Thus, this study revealed that peanut skin ethanol extract could be a source of intervention for the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress and inflammation related to lead toxicity.
Key words: Peanut skin, phytochemical profile, GCMS, Oxidative stress, Pb2+ toxicity, Drosophila melanogaster
|
