The hypervariable regions (HV1 and HV2) of the mtDNA of 176 individuals from different regions of Gujarat, India were analyzed for population genetic and forensic parameters within the population and compared to the data of three neighboring states (Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh) for inter-population comparison. The haplotype diversity in Gujarat was 0.9970, with a random match probability of 0.0056 and a discrimination power of 0.9944. We observed 146 haplotypes that belonged to 10 haplogroups (M, U, R, N, HV, W, H, T, J, D). The most frequent haplogroup was M (52.27%) with 43 sub-haplogroups. The other haplogroups were as follows: R (13.63%), H (2.27%), HV (3.41%), T (1.71%), J (0.56%), U (18.18%), W (2.84%), and D (0.56%). Analysis of molecular variance showed the majority of genetic variation was found to exist within populations rather than between populations, and the pairwise Fst showed that Gujarat and Rajasthan had the highest genetic distance (Fst 0.02689). We have generated accessible mtDNA dataset references for Gujarat in the worldwide DNA database [EMPOP and NCBI]. This study demonstrates that mtDNA sequence analysis can contribute to the expansion of population databases and provide important details for population genetic and forensic investigations.
Key words: mtDNA; population genetics; forensic; haplogroup; Gujarat population; India
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