The most frequent autoinflammatory disease is Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF). It is inherited as autosomal recessive in the short arm of the sixteenth chromosome (MEFV gene). FMF is a disease with the symptoms of recurrent fever, polyserositis that is transient, self limiting and responding well to colchicine treatment. In general, 90% starts before 20 years old. It is rare to appear after 40 years of age (1.25%). The first attack in 95% of the patients is abdominal pain. The frequency of the first attack that starts with pleuritic chest pain, pleural effusion is under 10%. The purpose of submitting this case is to draw attention to the difficulties in diagnosing FMF disease, in that even now more than 5% of the existing FMF patients are diagnosed and started to be treated.
Key words: Familial Mediterranean Fever, bone marrow edema, pseudocyst
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