Diabetic complications may in part be due to inflammation. Diabetes can also develop in non-obese people. Nonetheless, organ inflammation in non-obese T2DM animals has never been investigated. The Goto-Kakizaki rats were divided into two groups, diabetes, and diabetes treated with metformin. The glycaemia parameters were then determined. Serum and internal organs, including the liver, kidney and brain were collected to determine the levels of inflammatory cytokine and mRNA expression. The research found an increase in IL-6 and IL-1β cytokine levels in the liver of the diabetic group, which corresponds with the mRNA expression of both cytokines. The metformin group significantly reduces the mRNA expression of liver IL-6. In the kidney, there was an increase in IL-6 cytokine levels in the diabetic group, while the metformin group could reduce the mRNA expression level of TNF-α. In addition, there were IL-6 and TNF-α cytokines level increased in the brain of diabetic group. IL-1β mRNA expression levels increased in the diabetic group and were reduced by the metformin treatment. The metformin treatment reduced serum TNF-α cytokines. In summary, this study demonstrated that internal organ inflammation in non-obese diabetic rats, which could provide evidence for organ inflammation, may potentially explain diabetic complications.
Key words: Diabetes; Internal organs; Complications; Inflammation; Metformin; Goto-Kakizaki rat
|
