Indonesia, one of the first largest crude palm oil producer and exporter in the world, has a crucial problem with the reutilization of oil palm biomass. Elaeis guineensis Jacq. leaves (EGL) are the most abundant biomasses that are produced in the harvesting and producing process. However, the underutilization of this biomass still occurs in many industries and leads to environmental issues. This review aims to provide insight into the effort to discover and develop EGL as a potential biomass, especially for herbal medicine resources. We summarize several studies, focusing on the pharmacological activity of EGL and its bioactive chemical constituents. Results: We found 11 different pharmacological activities of the EGL extract, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, diuretic, sun protection, wound healing, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, and antityrosinase activities, with flavonoid and phenolic acid as the highlighted compounds. The EGL extract showed various pharmacological actions, and it could be developed as a herbal medicine to treat several diseases.
Key words: Elaeis guineensis Jacq. leaves; herbal medicine; oil palm tree; pharmacological activity, pharmaceutical raw material; potential biomass
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