Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for around 1%-2% of all cancers, and it is more prevalent in men than women. MM is responsible for an estimated 176,000 cases and 117,000 deaths annually worldwide. Most myeloma malignancies contain genetic abnormalities that may be identified using sensitive molecular genetic methods such as interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. The risk categorization has a high prognostic value and aids in the choice of initial treatment options. Diagnostic delays have been linked to worsening the disease’s course and can lead to complications, including pathological fractures and renal failure. They are also connected with worse cancer stages and lower survival rates. There is a scarcity of published data in Saudi Arabia on the characteristics, management practices, as well as outcomes of MM patients. This review discusses the current trends and practices in MM worldwide and compares them with current Saudi Arabia practices.
Key words: Multiple myeloma, genetic abnormalities, fluorescence in situ hybridization, risk categorization, diagnosis, worldwide, Saudi Arabia.
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