Abstract

The present study aimed to confirm a diagnosis of dermatophytes infection among dromedary camels provided to the Tamboul livestock market, Sudan during 2018 – 2019 by using ITS-based PCR Technique and also to measure the effect of Nystatin and Griseofulvin antifungal drugs on inhibition the growth of isolated dermatophytes spp. Three hundred of skin scrape samples from clinically suspected camels were examined by direct 10% KOH test and culture on Potato dextrose agar (P.D.A) media. The most dermatophytes species have been isolated are T. mentagrophyte and T. verrucosum following by T. tonsurans, E. floccosum, T. scholeinii, T. rubrum, M. gypseum, T. concentricum and T. equinum respectively. Fifty Dermatophytes cultures were selected randomly and taken from Petri-dish cultures; the quality and quantity of DNA obtained were found suitable for molecular assays. Forty-five (90%) samples out of fifty were found positive dermatophytes for polymerase chine reaction (PCR) test using ITS1, ITS4 Primer, the dermatophytes showing a single band in gel electrophoresis and the undigested fragment were in ranging from 500 to 600 bp Molecular weight. Also, the result revealed highly Inhibition zone diameter (IZD) for the Nystatin drug compared to Griseofulvin (p. value =0.00˂0.05), all species were resistant to Griseofulvin while only T. tonsurans and M. gypseum were resistant to Nystatin. KOH and culture test is reliable technique in routine field diagnostics to camel dermatophytosis especially in developing countries such as Sudan due to the high costs of molecular diagnostics. More Studies about the treatment of Dermatophytes infection using systemic antifungal drugs to reduce cost, effort, and time consumption that resulting from using topical antifungal drugs are recommended, also vaccine production for all Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese camels especially for Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton verrucosum and application in Sudan area to reduce and eradicate the spread of the disease is strongly recommended.

Key words: Camel, dromedary, Dermatophytes, culture, PCR , Nystatin, Griseofulvin.