Abstract

Introduction:
Upper gastrointestinal symptoms are the most commonly faced complaint, which is ubiquitous in the general population. Dyspepsia is a common symptom. Upper GI endoscopy is commonly performed procedure that serves both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This study aims to determine the spectrum of gastrointestinal disorders presenting to surgical OPD and use upper GI endoscopy for the diagnosis of the disease.
Methods:
This retrospective observational study (2018–2020) was undertaken at Rajarajeswari Medical College, Bangalore. All the adults who underwent upper GI endoscopy data was collected and analyzed.
Results:
There were 1289 patients, 60.6% male, with a mean ( ±SD) age of 47.3 ±13 years. Persistent dyspepsia was the most common indication for undergoing upper GI endoscopy, accounting for 678 patients (52.59%), followed by dysphagia in 183 patients (14.19%), and esophageal reflux symptoms like regurgitation, belching seen in 105 patients (8.14%). Evaluation for iron deficiency anemia in 96 patients (7.44%) and portal hypertension in 89 patients (6.90%). Benign endoscopic findings account for 986 patients (76.49%) Malignancy was found in just 69 patients (5.35%), and premalignant (Barret's esophagus) in 9 patients (0.69%). The overall diagnostic yield, consisting of positive endoscopic findings, was found in 82.53% of cases.
Conclusions:
Benign gastric lesions were the most common diagnosis found on upper GI endoscopy. It offers an excellent chance to differentiate organic causes from functional causes. The diagnostic yield is higher when an endoscopy is performed for appropriate indications.

Key words: dyspepsia, upper gi endoscopy, diagnostic yield, malignancy