Dear Editor, A protocol named Sponge-Like Protocol was introduced in 2013 for evacuating E. coli cells (Amara et al., 2013a; Amara et al., 2013b; Amara et al., 2014a). Later, the protocol was proved to be universal to evacuate any kind of microbial cell (Amara, 2015b; Amara et al., 2014b; El-Baky and Amara 2014; Menisy et al., 2017; Sheweita et al., 2019). Its main concept is calculating the minimum inhibition concentration and the minimum growth concentration of some selected chemical compounds that could gently introduce pore(s) in the cell wall of the target microbes and degrade their genetic materials while retaining their immunogenecity. Those chemical compounds are SDS, NaOH, CaCO3/NaHCO3 and H2O2 (Amara, 2015a; Amara, 2020; Amara, et al., 2013). Lysozymes and proteinase K have been also used with the same concept to evacuate Bacillus stearothermophilus (spore forming bacteria) (Amara, 2016). The evacuation process also involves the use of 0.5% NaCl and 60% Ethanol for removing the cytoplasmic content released due to the evacuation. Microbes evacuated using this protocol include Gram-negative (Amara et al, 2014; Sheweita et al., 2019) and –positive (Amara, 2016), spore forming (Amara, 2016), capsulated and exopolysaccharide (Menisy et al., 2017) producing bacteria as well as Newcastle Lasota and Pestikal Lasota viruses (Amara, 2020; El-Baky and Amara 2014).
Key words: Microbial Ghosts, evacuation, cell wall, surface antigen, Sponge-Like-Protocol, Fungal pathogens
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