Endogenous endophthalmitis among people with diabetes; a review
Elham Alharbi, Ashjan Bamahfouz, Ahmad Alzubaidi, Salah Bakry, Rahma Alqthmi.
Abstract
Although endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) among diabetic individuals (DEE) is uncommon, the prevalence of the condition has recently increased due to better intensive healthcare services available and increased longevity of critically ill patients with systemic infections. The existing literature was critically reviewed on DEE and its present incidence, risk factors, causative organisms, management, outcomes, and proposed measures to improve its public health approach. This review is of critical importance, as the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the risk of EE for diabetic patients as a result of a systemic infection. Aggressive glycemic control is concurrent with patient care for DEE management, which requires lifelong maintenance. Early detection and standard management are crucial for patients’ visual recovery. Still, a guarded prognosis is given to patients and relatives as outcomes are not always predictable. There is a need for the teamwork of ophthalmologists with other health professionals and patients throughout the management. The causative organisms, early pharmacotherapy suitable for the identified organisms, and pars plana vitrectomy are predictors of visual outcomes. DEE patients need lifelong eye care.
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