Plant tissue culture is a promising technique to produce valuable metabolites for treatments against various diseases. In this study, we assessed the chemical compound and medical properties of Peperomia pellucida L. Kunth with special attention toward antibacterial and anticancer activities. The detection of major compounds such as apiol, phytol, phenol, 9-octadecenoic acid (z), and caryophyllene from methanol and ethanol extracts of both in vivo and in vitro grown plants was done through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. All plant extracts were found to be effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among these, the methanol extracts of in vitro grown plants showed the highest inhibition zone (12.5 mm) against S. aureus followed by ethanol extracts of in vitro grown plants (12 mm) against S. typhi and P. aeruginosa. Upon testing the extracts on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) and human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549), ethanol extracts of in vitro grown plants were inhibitive against the proliferation of MCF-7 cells while methanol extracts of in vitro grown plants inhibited the proliferation of A549. The reproducible protocol in this study has the potential for the establishment of selected and standardized plants suitable for the exploitation in various industries such as pharmaceutical industries, agrochemical industries, and food industries.
Key words: Peperomia pellucida, in vitro plant GC-MS, antimicrobial, anticancer
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