Abstract

Background: Bladder cancer is the most common tumor of the urinary tract. The most altered gene in human cancers is p53. Antigen p53 is one of the most important genes in the development of cancer in general. If it works properly, p53 regulates cell mutations that can result in cancer. Impaired p53 does not stop other genetic abnormalities thus allowing malignant cells to grow. Due to the direct function of p53 on cells with genetic malformations through apoptosis, p53 mutations can result in genomic instability and cause the progressive development of further mutations. It is possible to predict how modification in the genome will alter the protein structure of p53 using crystallographic techniques. Objective: The aim of this paper is a systematic review and analysis of the predictor potential of p53 antigen in the progression of bladder cancer. Methods: Systematic review was performed using PubMed. Studies about predictor potential of p53 antigen in the progression of bladder cancer between January 2010 and June 2021 are included. Results: 11 studies were found that indicate the predictor potential of p53 antigen in the progression of bladder cancer. Conclusions: The correlation of relapse to p53 shows that there is a positive correlation in terms of higher p53 values ​​in recidivists. In tumors with a higher degree, higher p53 values ​​were found to be statistically significant. The P53 mutation in various cancers is definitive. Superficial bladder cancer is the most common of all bladder cancers. Transurethral resection of a bladder tumor is the gold standard in the initial treatment of the same. Superficial tumors of higher grade and staging recur more often and progress. Multicentric and wider base tumors recur more often.

Key words: urology, bladder cancer, p53 antigen