Natural matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) inhibitors are novel therapeutic interventions for the management of ailments associated with anomalous expressions of MMPs. Annoying side effects of existing synthetic chemical MMP inhibitors direct us toward natural sources. In this regard, here active principles of MeOH extract of Peltophorum pterocarpum leaves are reported to be a possible source. Five active principles with MMP inhibitory activity were purified by chromatography and identified using high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The identified compounds were quinapril, 27-nor-5b-cholestane-3a, 7a, 12a, 24, 25-pentol, ergosterol acetate, 6-exomrthylenesimvastatin, and flurandrenolide. In vitro solution assays were demonstrated that these compounds were effective in inhibition of Clostridium histolyticum collagenase, human recombinant MMP-2, and MMP-9. Unambiguously, quinapril exhibited the highest (98.86%) while flurandrenolide exhibited the lowest (65.36%) MMP-9 inhibition. Whereas, 27-nor-5b-cholestane-3a, 7a, 12a, 24, 25-pentol, and flurandrenolide showed 98.28% and 63.87% MMP-2 inhibition. Ergosterol acetate showed moderate inhibition toward both MMP-2 and MMP-9. Our results indicate that MeOH extract of P. pterocarpum leaves is enriched with compounds with MMP inhibitory potential and could be explored as therapeutic for the management of MMPs related disorders.
Key words: MMP inhibitors, P. pterocarpum, HRLCMS, 1H NMR, ChC, MMP-2, MMP-9
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