Background: Optimization is part of the formulation process used in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical preparations
to obtain good and quality result, such as determining the number of drug substances. Aims of this study to determine the
optimum hydrogel in the extract combination of pinang yaki (Areca vestiary Giseke) fruit stalk, gedi (Abelmoschus manihot
Linn.) leaf, and goroho (Musa-Eumusa-AAB) banana fruit peels based on pH, spreadibility, and anti-microorganism. Extraction
using ethanol was carried out on Pinang yaki (Areca vestiary Giseke) fruit stalk, gedi (Abelmoschus manihot Linn.) leaf, and
goroho (Musa-Eumusa-AAB) banana fruit peels. The extracts were used for hydrogel preparation. Aim: Formula optimization of
the hydrogel based on the weight of each extract was carried out using the simplex lattice design (SLD) program. Material and
method: The optimization process was carried out on 13 cycles formulas with different extract compositions. The responses
tested in the process were pH value, spreadability, antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, and
antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Results: The optimal concentration proposed by the SLD program was 0.50 g of
pinang yaki (Areca vestiary Giseke) fruit stalk extract, 0.42 g of gedi (Abelmoschus manihot Linn.) leaf extract, and 1.08 g of
goroho (Musa-Eumusa-AAB) banana fruit peels extract. The desirability value for the optimum formula is 0.706, which means
that the response variable of the optimization process is getting closer to the predetermined target value. Conclusion: The values
of pH, spreadability, inhibition of S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans in the hydrogel formula predicted by the SLD program were:
6.44, 5.66 cm, 2.06 cm, 1.67 cm, and 1.59 cm.
Key words: Formula optimization, simplex lattice design, pinang Yaki (Areca vestiary Giseke), gedi (Abelmoschus manihot
Linn.), goroho banana (Musa-Eumusa-AAB).
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