Home|Journals|Articles by Year|Audio Abstracts
 

77 articles found.


Publishing Year(s)



Click to Change Year(s)

Journal(s)



Click to Change Journal(s)
  1. Biofilm Formation and Overcoming Strategies of E.Coli Isolated from Human and Chickens
    Ahmed M. Elshwehy, Samy A. Khalil, Helmy A. Turky, Rasha G.Tawfik
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 69(1): 43-51.
  2. Biofilm Formation and Overcoming Strategies of E.Coli Isolated from Human and Chickens
    Ahmed M. Elshwehy, Samy A. Khalil, Helmy A. Turky, Rasha G. Tawfik
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 68(1): 82-89.
  3. Molecular Detection and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Aeromonas hydrophila Isolated from Diseased Oreochromis niloticus In Egypt
    Sally A. GadAllah, Emad M. Elebshehy, Abdalhaleem M. Hegazy, Helmy A. Turky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2022; 74(1): 8-14.
  4. DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF TOMATO CHITINASES UPON ALTERNARIA SOLANI INOCULATION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO A MODIFIED PURIFICATION ZYMOGRAM
    Mona Helmy El-Hadary Ahmed A. Tayel
    THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Botany). 2013; 9(1): 9-17.
  5. Comparative Study of Cellular and Humoral Immune Response to BHV-1 Vaccines in Cattle and Buffalo Calves
    Fayrouz S. Naim; Samy A. Khalil and Helmy A. Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 51(2): 367-373.
  6. The Effectiveness Of The Flipped Classroom Strategy In Developing Secondary School Female StudentsÂ’ Mathematics Achievement And Habits Of Mind
    Nasser Helmy Youssef, Najla Mufleh Al-Shahrani
    Elementary Education Online. 2021; 20(6): 1268-1290.
  7. Genotypic Molecular Detection of Certain Genes Encoding Virulence Determinates and Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates from Mastitis Cows
    Ahmed L. Al-Ashmony, Abd-AlSlam F. Al-Sawy, Helmy A. Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 49(2): 90-98.
  8. Mycoplasma Synoviae and other Associated Bacteria Causing Arthritis in Chicken
    Rasha G. Tawfik1, Samy A. Khalil1, Hany F. Ellakany2, and Helmy A. Torky1
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 49(2): 163-169.
  9. Profile of bacteria causing bovine mastitis and their antibacterial resistance
    Ahmed M. Abakar, Helmy A. Torky, Samy A. Khalil
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2022; 75(2): 57-64.
  10. Molecular Characterization of Vibrio Harveyi in Diseased Shrimp
    Helmy A. Torky, Gaber S. Abdellrazeq, Mona M. Hussein, Nourhan H. Ghanem
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 51(2): 358-366.
  11. Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from Contaminated Sheep and Goat Meat at Matrouh Governorate and Its Antibiotic Resistance
    Alaa O. Abd Elhameed, Samy A. Khaliel, Helmy A. Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 79(1): 37-43.
  12. Fish Bacterial Pathogen in Gills, Skin, Kidney, Intestines, and its Water at Elmahmoudia and Edfina
    Olaa Yacoub, Helmy Torky, Rasha Tawfik
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 76(2): 58-62.
  13. Characterization of E. coli and Staph. aureus Bacteria Associated with Dystocia and Normal Birth in Dairy Cows
    Ahmed Diab, Helmy A. Torky, Gamal A. El-Amrawi
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2024; 80(1): 25-32.
  14. EFFECT OF ROSEMARY ON CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN ALBINO RATS: HISTOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES
    Saber A. Sakr Sabah F. El-Abd Mohamed Osman Asmaa M. Kandil Mona S. Helmy
    THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Zoology). 2010; 6(1): 135-140.
  15. Genome Pattern of Salmonella Enteritidis from Reproductive Organs and Eggs from Egyptian Laying Hens
    Helmy A.Torkey,Yaser N. Haggag and Sherehan A. Elkholy
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2014; 43(1): 1-7.
  16. Cytokines Expression Associated with E.coli Infection In bovine mammary glands
    Rania F. Hassan, Helmy A. Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 48(2): 54-60.
  17. ULTRASTRUCTURE CHANGES INDUCED BY CHITIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITOR AND EXTRACT OF RICE BRAN IN EMBRYOGENESIS OF THE HOUSE FLY MUSCA DOMESTICA LINNAEUS
    Wafaa A. Radwan Nadia Helmy Dalia, A.M. Salem Reda F.A. Bakr Noha A. Guneidy Shimaa S. Mohammed
    THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Zoology). 2012; 8(2): 363-375.
  18. Detoxification and anti-mycotoxigenic effect of Ochratoxin A produced by Penicillium expansum species utilizing probiotic Pichia kudriavzevii and biogenic-selenium nano-formulations
    Eman Ahmed Mohamed Helmy
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2019; 9(1): 1-8.
  19. Salmonella Species Isolated from Different Sources with Special Reference to Biofilm Formation
    Samir I. Zahran, Ahmed A. Bkheet, Helmy A. Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2020; 64(2): 21-33.
  20. KARYOTYPE DYNAMIC VARIATION AMONG ACCESSIONS OF LATHYRUS SATIVUS L. FROM DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS
    Reda Helmy Ahmed Sammour Adel Ramadan El-Shanshoury Safaa Abd El-Aleem Radwan Doaa Elsayed Ali Abdelrahman El-sherif
    THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Botany). 2014; 10(2): 107-113.
  21. Cytokines Evaluation of Different Marek's Disease Virus Vaccines in Broiler Chickens
    Leila K. Abdelhamid, Helmy A. Torky, Samy A. Khalil
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2017; 54(1): 149-157.
  22. Incidence of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus Isolated from Mastitis Cows and Human Contact
    Helmy A. Torky and Samaa M. Abu Tabeikh
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 51(2): 112-117.
  23. Comparison of Antimicrobials and Hormone-Like Anabolic Agents' Residuals in Chicken Meat and Their Offal Under Two Different Country Legislation
    Suha A.A. Ghareeb, Ali M. Ahmed, Rania A. Helmy, Nagwa T. Elsharawy
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 68(1): 62-70.
  24. Molecular and immunological effect of Terminalia chebula extracts
    Haider Turky Mousa Al-Mousawi, Al-Bderee Nadhim Mushtaq, Alyaa Hasan Bohan
    Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics. 2022; 5(1): 176-188.
  25. Cryptococcus Neoformans Isolated from Pigeon, Chicken Dropping Samples and Dust Collected From Their House on Urease Hydrolysis
    Ehsan A. Elkady and Helmy Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 51(2): 122-128.
  26. Prevalence of Esbl Producing Enterobacteriacae Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Milk
    El Sayed F.H. Ibrahim, Ashraf M. Abd El wahab, Samy A. Khalil, Helmy A. Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2018; 58(1): 102-108.
  27. Relation Between Biofilm Formation and Resistance to Antibacterial Agents of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Different Sources
    El-Zahraa Radwan, Emad M. Ebshahy, Samy A. Khalil, Helmy A. Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 70(1): 25-30.
  28. Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Listeria Monocytogenes Isolated from Different Sources
    Ayman M. Kamar, Helmy A. Torky, Samia M. El-Houshy
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 51(2): 148-157.
  29. Screening of Hydrolytic Extremozymes in Haloalkaliphilic Archaea by Culture and Molecular-based Methods
    Hend Abdulhmeed Hamedo, Nashwa Ibrahim Hagagy, Naglaa Fathy El Shafi, Mohamed Helmy Abdelaziz
    THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Botany). 2017; 13(1): 81-87.
  30. Duplex Real Time PCR for Simultaneous Detection of Salmonella Species and Listeria Monocytogenes in Frozen Meat
    Helmy A Torky, Hanaa A Ahmed, Emad S Omran
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2015; 46(1): 100-109.
  31. Antigenic Variations of Infectious Bronchitis Virus from Broiler flocks in Al Behera Governorate
    Sarah E. AlBeltagi, Helmy A. Torky, Mahmoud E. Seddeek
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2014; 40(1): 44-51.
  32. NSAID associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcer among patient with arthritis
    Yaman Mazen Almerstani, Abdulkader Aljuhani, Sara Abdullah Alsaad, Bashaer Mahboub Alalwani, Ahmed Mohammad Alsahlawi, Turky Mehssen Alyamy, Razan Mohammad Aljohani, Ameera Mishal Alosaimi
    International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries. 2019; 3(7): 597-600.
  33. Molecular Characterization of Some Virulence Genes and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Aeromonas Hydrophila Isolated from Fish and Water
    Rasha A. Sonkol, Helmy A. Torky, Samy A. Khalil
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2020; 64(2): 34-42.
  34. Assessment of Proteomic and Molecular Techniques in Isolation of Listeria Monocytogenes in Minced Meat
    Marwa M. Radwan, Nashwa M. Helmy, Mohamed M. Mousa
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2022; 74(2): 31-39.
  35. Occurrence and Characterization of Photobacteria Damselae in Cultured Marine Fish
    Habiba M. Essam, Safaa I. Tayel, Helmy A. Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2015; 44(1): 103-110.
  36. Celecoxib Therapy Attenuates Oxidative Stress During Chemically Induced Rat Colon Carcinogenesis
    Mona M. Hegazi, Hager M. Helmy, Elsayed I. Salim
    THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Zoology). 2017; 13(2): 177-185.
  37. Correlation Between Bacteria Isolated From Bovine Milk Samples And Human Throat Swabs
    Ahmed M. Elshewehy, Helmy A. Torky, Adel M. Khadr
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2017; 54(2): 5-12.
  38. Efficacy and Safety of Different Antimycotic Formulas Used in Sheep Frozen Semen Extenders
    Fadwa M. Othman, Diya A. El-Badry, Mahmoud I. Mohamed, Mona H. Shaker, Hossam R. Kotb and Helmy A.Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 48(2): 77-82.
  39. Virulence Factors and Biofilm Formation of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated from Different Sources
    May K. Zaghloul, Helmy A. Torky, Rania I. EL- meslemany
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 71(1): 11-21.
  40. Biotechnological Uses in Assessment of Some Meat Products Adulteration with Equine Meat
    Mohamed M. Mousa, Nashwa, M. Helmy, Mohamed M. Nasser
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2017; 54(2): 52-57.
  41. Awareness of osteoporosis and its risk factors among men and women in Hail, Saudi Arabia
    Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed Abdalrahman, Abdullah Mohammad Aljarboa, Nasser Abdulrhman Altamimi, Majed Akram Alghassab, Faisal Fahad Alshammari, Hamad Turky Alrasheedi, Hani Abdulrhman Almutairi
    International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries. 2021; 5(2): 669-675.
  42. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in some meat products
    Mohamed A. Khamis, Mohamed M. Mousa, Nashwa M. Helmy
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 70(1): 96-105.
  43. Evaluation of Multifunction Bioactivities of Extracted Chitosan and their UV/Ozone Derivatives
    Tamer I. M. Ragab, Gehan T. El-Bassyouni, Wafaa A. Helmy, Hanan A. A. Taie, Ahmed Refaat, Medhat A. Ibrahim, Eman Abd El-Hmeed, Mona A. Esawy
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2018; 8(10): 53-62.
  44. Listeria Species Isolated from Animal Origin Food and Its Susceptibility to Antibiotic and Biofilm Formation
    Soha Ahmed, Ayman M. Kamar, Helmy A. Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2020; 67(1): 80-91.
  45. Molecular Detection of Integron in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Ruminants
    Amr M. Abd El-Rahman, Helmy A. Torky, Sawsan KH.M. Ebied
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 68(1): 90-96.
  46. Purification and characterization of malate dehydrogenase from sheep liver (Ovis aries): Application in AST assay diagnostic kit
    Doaa Darwish, Hassan Mohamed M. Masoud, Mohamed Abdel-Monsef, Mohamed Helmy, Mahmoud Ibrahim
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2018; 8(2): 100-105.
  47. Serum vitamin D, ferritin, and TSH in patients with telogen effluvium: a retrospective epidemiological study
    Abdullah Alajaji, Farees Yousef Almohaimeed, Hamad Saleh Alsaeed, Turky Saud Alfadda, Ali Abdulrazaq Almushayqih, Ferass Khalid Alghofaili, Saleh Hammad Alhammad, Saleh Ibrahim Alhammad, Hana N. Alqifari
    International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries. 2022; 6(12): 1473-1477.
  48. Molecular Epidemiology of FMDV in Northern Egypt (2012-214)
    Alaa A . Rady, Samy A . Khalil, Helmy A . Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2014; 41(1): 120-130.
  49. A Contribution to Characterization of Salmonella Serovars Recovered from Retail Food and Human Being in Alexandria City
    Heba S. Amin, Helmy A. Torky, Sawsan Kh. Ebied
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 71(2): 19-28.
  50. Optimization of Physico-Chemical Parameters for Hyper Keratinase Production from a Newly Isolated Aspergillus sp. DHE7 using Chicken Feather as Substrate- Management of Biowaste
    Dina Helmy El-Ghonemy, Thanaa Hamed Ali
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2017; 7(9): 171-178.
  51. Targeted metabolomics reveals the therapeutic impact of Eclipta prostrata on diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats
    Azza S. Helmy, Naglaa M. Sherif, Hassan Z. Ghanem, Nabaweya A. Ibrahim, Abdel Nasser G. El Gendy, Noha S. Hussein, Abdel-Hamid Z. Abdel-Hamid
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2019; 9(1): 77-90.
  52. Screening of Genes Encoding Adhesion Factors in Staphylococcus Aureus Strains Isolated from Chicken Joints
    ragaa taha hossam eldin, helmy torky, samy khaliel, YASSER HAGGAG,
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2019; 62(1): 151-157.
  53. Ultrastructure and occurrence of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) tilapiae (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyrida) from Oreochromis niloticus, Nile river , Egypt.
    Nahla Abd El -Aleem Radwan, Mona Mabrouk El-Gamal, Raghda Helmy Fayed, Amal Iskander Khalil,
    THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Zoology). 2018; 14(2): 127-135.
  54. Characterization and Plasmid Profiling of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated from Broiler Chickens
    Mohammed Ali Akeila, Hany Fawzy Ellakany, Mahmoud Elsaid Sedik, Helmy Mohammed El-Bahr
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2013; 39(1): 105-111.
  55. Susceptibility of Fungi Infect Animals to Antimycotics in Alexandria City
    Abeer M. Abdelfattah, Helmy A. Torky, Samy A. Khalil
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2019; 63(2): 104-112.
  56. Silver Nano Particle (Ag-NPs) Effect on Salmonella and E. coli Isolated from Food
    Abeer M. Nofal, Helmy A. Tork, Rasha G. Tawfik
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 71(2): 7-18.
  57. Flow Cytometry Analysis of dog Bone Marrow Stem Cell Surface Protein Expression
    Rania M. Elraqed , Wael Abu El-Khir, Amal E. Hashem, Helmy A. Torky
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2020; 66(2): 62-66.
  58. ERIC-PCR Genotyping relation of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Isolated from Infected Oreochromis niloticus and Poultry Manure as Fish Feed
    Shymaa M. Elkasaby, Helmy A. Turkey, Khalil R.H.
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 51(2): 118-121.
  59. Molecular Characterization of Mycoplasma Synoviae Isolated From the Respiratory System and Joints of Chickens with Special Reference of vlhA Gene
    Rasha Tawfik, Samy Khalil, Hany Ellakany, Helmy Torky, Gaber. S. Abdellrazeq, Mohamed Abumandour, Nahed El-Shal
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2018; 59(2): 57-68.
  60. Subjective versus Objective Assessments of Sleep among Middle Aged Male Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Correlational Study
    Hady Atef, Zeinab Helmy, Abeer Ahmed Farghaly, Sameh Elameen
    Sleep and Hypnosis. 2019; 21(3): 254-263.
  61. Purification and properties of an alanine aminopeptidase from camel liver
    Hassan Mohamed Masoud, Doaa Abdel-Khalek Darwish, Mohamed Salah-Eldin Helmy, Mohamed Mosaad Abdel-Monsef
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2017; 7(5): 123-128.
  62. Sequence Analysis of Pathogenic Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Different Sources
    Reham M. El-Masry, Helmy A. Torky, Lobna S. El-Gebaly
    Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 51(2): 1-6.
  63. Combined percutaneous ethanol injection and mitoxantrone versus radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
    Besher Helmy, Sami Abdel-Wahab, Mostafa El-Shamy, Sameh M Abdel Monem, Hosam M Dawod
    Medicine Science | International Medical Journal. 2016; 5(4): 948-56.
  64. Purification and characterization of a novel thermo stable L-methioninase from Streptomyces sp. DMMMH4 and its evaluation for anticancer activity
    Mohsen Helmy Selim, Husein Hosny Elshikh, Moataza Mahmoud Saad, Elsayed Eliwa Mostafa, Mohamed Abdelraof Mahmoud
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2016; 6(7): 053-060.
  65. COVID-19: Risk Assessment and Mitigation Measures in Healthcare and Non-Healthcare Workplaces
    Ahmed Mohamed Hasham , Mohamed Fawzy, Mohamed Houta, Mostafa Hasham , Yosra Ahmed Helmy
    German Journal of Microbiology. 2021; 1(2): 19-28.
  66. Sero epidemiological study on bovine babesiosis in cattle and buffaloes in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
    Sara Gamal Yousef , Nader Maher Sobhy , Heba Gouda , Mahmoud Helmy Emam
    Open Veterinary Journal. 2024; 14(7): 1577-1584.
  67. Influence of genistein and diadizine on regularity of estrous cycle in cyclic female Wistar rat: interaction with estradiol receptors and vascular endothelial growth factor
    Doaa Elsayed , seham Helmy, Amina Dessouki, Amal El-Nahla , Heba Abdelrazek , Heba Gad El-Hak,
    Open Veterinary Journal. 2022; 12(5): 639-648.
  68. Modulation of hepatotoxicity, DNA fragmentation and gene expression of Solanum nigrum leaves extract in rats treated with silver nanoparticles
    Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab, Helmy M.S. Ahmed, Sekena H. Abdel-Aziem, Aziza A. El-Nekeety, Heba A.M. Abd El-Kader, Mohamed S. Abdel-Aziz, Mohamed A. Hamazawy, Hafiza A. Sharaf, Hadeer M. Naguib, Ezzeldeen S. El-Denshary
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2017; 7(2): 025-035.
  69. Isolation and properties of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme from buffalo liver: Application in AST and ALT assay diagnostic kits
    Mohamed S. Helmy, Hassan M.M. Masoud, Doaa A. Darwish, Mohamed M. Abdel-Monsef, Mahmoud A. Ibrahim
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2019; 9(10): 54-60.
  70. Drought and Salinity Alter Adaptive Molecular Response in Two Genetically unlike Egyptian Rice Cultivars
    Mohamed Yousof Hazman, Mariam Mahmoud Sameh , Menna Mahmoud Abd Elzaher , Nada Ashraf Mohamed, Nada Essam El din Diab, Nardeen Ashraf Mikhael, Nora Ashraf Hussin, Nourhan Ahmed Helmy, Shrouk Abd El hamid Mohamed,
    THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Botany). 2019; 15(2): 0-0.
  71. Adjuvant TaibUVID nutritional supplements proved promising for novel safe COVID-19 public prophylaxis and treatment: enhancing immunity and decreasing morbidity period for better outcomes (A retrospective study)
    Salah Mohamed El Sayed, Saleh A. Bahashwan, Moutasem Salih Aboonq, Hussam Baghdadi, Mo'men Elshzley, Ahmed M. Okashah, Amr Gamal El Rashedy, Rabab AbouElMagd Ahmed, Yasmeen Talal Aljehani, Rehab El-Tahlawi, Manal Mohamed Helmy Nabo, Osama Hamouda, Abdul-Rahman El-Murr, Tamer Mohamed Abdul-Latif, Hany Salah Mahmoud, Mostafa Abu-Elnaga, Mahmoud Mohamed Hassan
    International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries. 2020; 4(9): 1375-1389.


Online Article Submission
• ejmanager.com


ejPort - eJManager.com
Refer & Earn
JournalList
 About BiblioMed
License Information
Terms & Conditions
Privacy Policy
 Contact Us

The articles in Bibliomed are open access articles licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.